Dr. Jason Crane presented the anatomical structures of the nephron as the functional unit of the kidneys, physiological functions of the kidneys, and presented clinical treatment of kidney stones and kidney tumors. Dialysis treatment and kidney transplants were also described to the class.
      Dr. Crane presented video of kidney surgery and advanced surgical equipment that he uses. Circulation and filtration of blood to and from the kidneys was described as well. 
      Students had the opportunity to learn the massive energy requirements and blood flow through the kidneys, stressing the importance of the kidneys in maintaining a healthy body. Dr. Crane described the physiology of roughly one million nephrons as the filter of an enormous volume of blood. 
      Dr. Crane also discussed with students the educational and clinical requirements of Pre-med college programs and physician residency programs. Students in the IB biology class learned the importance of staying current with medical journals and research.